The Senufo

The Senefou are a group of people living in northern Cote d'Ivoire and Mali.  They are known as excellent farmers and are made up of a number of different groups who moved south to Mali and Cote d'Ivoire in the 15 and 16th centuries.  

The Senefou follow a strict caste-like system, in which the farmer is at the top and the musicians are at the bottom rung of society.  Farming is a huge part of the Senefou culture, even for those who do not belong to the farmer caste.  A very communal society, people will often take turns working on each other’s lands and trading on and off.  There is almost always a group in each village that is made up of men ages 15-35 who work in fields. With these fields they provide a huge festival during the dry season for the village.  During these festivals, they play local games to see how fast someone can hoe a field. This is designed to make work more enjoyable.  One of the great honors for a Senefou male is to become the sambali, or champion cultivator.  The sambali is respected throughout the region, and in his old age is given predominantly leadership roles.  Another society for Senefou male is the poro.  The poro is usually located in the forest and serves as a school for young men until they reach adulthood.  Much sculptured work is made in the poro; this is where much of the woodcarvings, brass sculptures, and masks are made.  Sometimes these are sold to local artisans.  The greatest achievement for a Senefou woman is the ability to cook well.  If a girl or woman cannot cook well it is a great shame to the family, especially the mother.  The women's society, known as the Sandogo is mainly responsible for divination.  

Senefou Mudcloth Strip Painting	Senefou Mudcloth Strip Painting	Senefou Mudcloth Strip Painting